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928 B
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Friday, August 16, 2024 |
IP addresses
IPv4 vs IPv6
IP addresses come in two formats and bit-lengths depending on which version of the Internet Protocol is being used.
- IPv4 addresses are 32-bits in length
- IPv6 addresses are 128-bits in length
The larger the bit-length, the more unique addresses that can be generated. Thus IPv6 can create more addresses that IPv4.
This entry focuses on IPv4 addresses.
Anatomy of an IPv4 address
Each of the 32 bits are divided into four groups which are each 8 bits (a byte) in length. Each group therefore comprises an octet and is separated by dots.
The decimal number system, rather than binary is used to represent the values. Thus each octet comprises three decimal digits as 8-bits = 2^3.
The 32 bits form two sections:
- the network prefix
- the host