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77
Operating_Systems/Disks.md
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@ -151,12 +151,11 @@ $ fdisk -l
```bash
umount /dev/sda1
umount /dev/sda2
```
#### 2. Deleting the existing partitions
```bash
# Load the disk into fdisk
sudo fdisk /dev/sda
$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda
# Select delete and run for each partition
Command (m for help): d
@ -168,7 +167,7 @@ Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 2
Partition 2 has been deleted.
# Verify deletion with p command
# Verify deletion with p(rint) command
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 465.74 GiB, 500079525888 bytes, 976717824 sectors
Disk model: My Passport 071A
@ -178,10 +177,75 @@ I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 9993F1BB-626C-485F-8542-3CC73BB40953
# Write the changes to disk with w
# Write the changes to disk with w(rite)
w
# Check execution:
$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda 8:0 0 465.7G 0 disk
```
So now the disk has no partitions, just the physical disk space and no mountpoints. We are ready to re-partition.
#### 3. Re-partition the disk
We are going to create a GPT partition table
```bash
$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda
Command (m for help): g
Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: E316B1A9-6F73-FB41-8CBB-FA4E3C448F2B).
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (2048-976717790, default 2048):
# Just press enter here
# The last sector is where we put the actual size we want for the partition
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-976717790, default 976715775): +100G
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 100 GiB.
# For the second and final partition, we follow the same steps but don't add a partition size, since it will default to what is left.
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (2-128, default 2):
First sector (209717248-976717790, default 209717248):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (209717248-976717790, default 976715775):
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 365.7 GiB.
# Check the partitions with p(rint)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sda: 465.74 GiB, 500079525888 bytes, 976717824 sectors
Disk model: My Passport 071A
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 92739978-F7D2-5042-9758-C1429B5C8E11
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 209717247 209715200 100G Linux filesystem
/dev/sda2 209717248 976715775 766998528 365.7G Linux filesystem
# Then write with w
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
```
We can now confirm out new partitions:
```bash
$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda 8:0 0 465.7G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 100G 0 part
└─sda2 8:2 0 365.7G 0 part
```
> Whilst we have created our partitions we cannot yet mount them. This is because we have not yet set up a filesystem on the partitions. This is the next step.
## BIOS and UEFI
@ -198,8 +262,3 @@ Even though most modern computers use UEFI, it may still be referred to as BIOS
## File systems
File systems are what the computer relies on to ascertain the location and positioning of files on the disk. In Linux it is customary to use FAT-32 for the boot partition and ext-4 for the extended partition. In other operating systems you would do the same but most likely use NFTS for the extended partition.
## Stuff to add
- The lsblk command