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---
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id: h7f8
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title: Creating_a_Linux_partition_table
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tags: []
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tags: [disks]
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created: Monday, May 06, 2024
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---
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# Creating_a_Linux_partition_table
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## Creating a partition table
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To demonstrate the process of partitioning a harddrive I am going to repartition
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an external SATA drive as if it were being primed for a fresh Linux install.
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Let's take a look at the disk in its current form:
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```
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$ fdisk -l
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Disk /dev/sda: 465.74 GiB, 500079525888 bytes, 976717824 sectors
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Disk model: My Passport 071Aumount /dev/sda2
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Disklabel type: gpt
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Disk identifier: 9993F1BB-626C-485F-8542-3CC73BB40953
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Device Start End Sectors Size Type
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/dev/sda1 40 409639 409600 200M EFI System
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/dev/sda2 409640 976455639 976046000 465.4G Apple HFS/HFS+
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```
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(This disk was previously used as a backup disk for MacOS so in addition to the
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extended partition which has a proprietary file system type (Apple HFS) it has a
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primary partition which would load the recovery OS. In contrast to my main
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harddrive this uses the standard SCSI prototcol and thus the partitions are
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prepended with `sda`.)
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#### 1. Unmount existing partitions
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```bash
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umount /dev/sda1
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umount /dev/sda2
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```
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#### 2. Deleting the existing partitions
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```bash
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# Load the disk into fdisk
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$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda
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Command (m for help): d
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Partition number (1,2, default 2): 1
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Partition 1 has been deleted.
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Command (m for help): d
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Selected partition 2
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Partition 2 has been deleted.
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# Verify deletion with p(rint) command
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Command (m for help): p
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Disk /dev/sda: 465.74 GiB, 500079525888 bytes, 976717824 sectors
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Disk model: My Passport 071A
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Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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Disklabel type: gpt
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Disk identifier: 9993F1BB-626C-485F-8542-3CC73BB40953
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# Write the changes to disk with w(rite)
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w
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# Check execution:
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$ lsblk
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NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
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sda 8:0 0 465.7G 0 disk
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```
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So now the disk has no partitions, just the physical disk space and no
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mountpoints. We are ready to re-partition.
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#### 3. Re-partition the disk
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We are going to create a GPT partition table
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```bash
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$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda
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Command (m for help): g
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Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: E316B1A9-6F73-FB41-8CBB-FA4E3C448F2B).
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Command (m for help): n
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Partition number (1-128, default 1):
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First sector (2048-976717790, default 2048):
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# Just press enter here
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# The last sector is where we put the actual size we want for the partition
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Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-976717790, default 976715775): +100G
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Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 100 GiB.
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# For the second and final partition, we follow the same steps but don't add a partition size, since it will default to what is left.
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Command (m for help): n
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Partition number (2-128, default 2):
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First sector (209717248-976717790, default 209717248):
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Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (209717248-976717790, default 976715775):
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Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 365.7 GiB.
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# Check the partitions with p(rint)
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Command (m for help): p
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Disk /dev/sda: 465.74 GiB, 500079525888 bytes, 976717824 sectors
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Disk model: My Passport 071A
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Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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Disklabel type: gpt
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Disk identifier: 92739978-F7D2-5042-9758-C1429B5C8E11
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Device Start End Sectors Size Type
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/dev/sda1 2048 209717247 209715200 100G Linux filesystem
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/dev/sda2 209717248 976715775 766998528 365.7G Linux filesystem
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# Then write with w
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Command (m for help): w
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The partition table has been altered.
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Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
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Syncing disks.
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```
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We can now confirm our new partitions:
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```bash
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$ lsblk
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NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
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sda 8:0 0 465.7G 0 disk
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├─sda1 8:1 0 100G 0 part
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└─sda2 8:2 0 365.7G 0 part
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```
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#### Naming a partition
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By default each partition will have its GUID as its name, but you can add a
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human friendly name with:
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```bash
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sudo e2label /dev/sda1 my_human_name
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```
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> Whilst we have created our partitions we cannot yet mount them. This is
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> because we have not yet set up a filesystem on the partitions. This is the
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> next step.
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## Related notes
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@ -132,142 +132,6 @@ In our example above:
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</dd>
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</dl>
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## Creating a partition table
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## Related notes
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To demonstrate the process of partitioning a harddrive I am going to repartition
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an external SATA drive as if it were being primed for a fresh Linux install.
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Let's take a look at the disk in its current form:
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```
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$ fdisk -l
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Disk /dev/sda: 465.74 GiB, 500079525888 bytes, 976717824 sectors
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Disk model: My Passport 071Aumount /dev/sda2
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Disklabel type: gpt
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Disk identifier: 9993F1BB-626C-485F-8542-3CC73BB40953
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Device Start End Sectors Size Type
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/dev/sda1 40 409639 409600 200M EFI System
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/dev/sda2 409640 976455639 976046000 465.4G Apple HFS/HFS+
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```
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(This disk was previously used as a backup disk for MacOS so in addition to the
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extended partition which has a proprietary file system type (Apple HFS) it has a
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primary partition which would load the recovery OS. In contrast to my main
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harddrive this uses the standard SCSI prototcol and thus the partitions are
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prepended with `sda`.)
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#### 1. Unmount existing partitions
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```bash
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umount /dev/sda1
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umount /dev/sda2
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```
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#### 2. Deleting the existing partitions
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```bash
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# Load the disk into fdisk
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$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda
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Command (m for help): d
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Partition number (1,2, default 2): 1
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Partition 1 has been deleted.
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Command (m for help): d
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Selected partition 2
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Partition 2 has been deleted.
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# Verify deletion with p(rint) command
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Command (m for help): p
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Disk /dev/sda: 465.74 GiB, 500079525888 bytes, 976717824 sectors
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Disk model: My Passport 071A
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Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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Disklabel type: gpt
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Disk identifier: 9993F1BB-626C-485F-8542-3CC73BB40953
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# Write the changes to disk with w(rite)
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w
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# Check execution:
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$ lsblk
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NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
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sda 8:0 0 465.7G 0 disk
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```
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So now the disk has no partitions, just the physical disk space and no
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mountpoints. We are ready to re-partition.
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#### 3. Re-partition the disk
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We are going to create a GPT partition table
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```bash
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$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda
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Command (m for help): g
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Created a new GPT disklabel (GUID: E316B1A9-6F73-FB41-8CBB-FA4E3C448F2B).
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Command (m for help): n
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Partition number (1-128, default 1):
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First sector (2048-976717790, default 2048):
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# Just press enter here
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# The last sector is where we put the actual size we want for the partition
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Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-976717790, default 976715775): +100G
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Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 100 GiB.
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# For the second and final partition, we follow the same steps but don't add a partition size, since it will default to what is left.
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Command (m for help): n
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Partition number (2-128, default 2):
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First sector (209717248-976717790, default 209717248):
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Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (209717248-976717790, default 976715775):
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Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 365.7 GiB.
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# Check the partitions with p(rint)
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Command (m for help): p
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Disk /dev/sda: 465.74 GiB, 500079525888 bytes, 976717824 sectors
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Disk model: My Passport 071A
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Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
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Disklabel type: gpt
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Disk identifier: 92739978-F7D2-5042-9758-C1429B5C8E11
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Device Start End Sectors Size Type
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/dev/sda1 2048 209717247 209715200 100G Linux filesystem
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/dev/sda2 209717248 976715775 766998528 365.7G Linux filesystem
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# Then write with w
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Command (m for help): w
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The partition table has been altered.
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Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
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Syncing disks.
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```
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We can now confirm our new partitions:
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```bash
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$ lsblk
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NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
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sda 8:0 0 465.7G 0 disk
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├─sda1 8:1 0 100G 0 part
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└─sda2 8:2 0 365.7G 0 part
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```
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#### Naming a partition
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By default each partition will have its GUID as its name, but you can add a
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human friendly name with:
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```bash
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sudo e2label /dev/sda1 my_human_name
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```
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> Whilst we have created our partitions we cannot yet mount them. This is
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> because we have not yet set up a filesystem on the partitions. This is the
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> next step.
|
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||||
|
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|||
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