diff --git a/.zk/notebook.db b/.zk/notebook.db index 5ceaee0..777e687 100644 Binary files a/.zk/notebook.db and b/.zk/notebook.db differ diff --git a/zk/Link_Layer_of_Internet_Protocol.md b/zk/Link_Layer_of_Internet_Protocol.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4610a17 --- /dev/null +++ b/zk/Link_Layer_of_Internet_Protocol.md @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +--- +title: Link_Layer_of_the_Internet_Protocol +tags: [] +created: Tuesday, August 06, 2024 +--- + +# Link Layer of the Internet Protocol Suite + +> The Link Layer is the lowest level of the network stack that makes up the +> Internet Protocol Suite. It is concerned with the physical and logical +> connections between [hosts](./Network_hosts.md) on the same local network. + +The physical and logical connections are known as **Links**. + +Link Layer protocols goven communication between devices. Examples include: + +- **WiFi** + - For wireless communication between devices using radio waves +- **Ethernet** + - Wired communication + +## MAC addresses + +Each device on a link has a network address that uniquely identifies it. For +most Link Layer Protocols this is a Media Access Control (MAC) address. + +A device receives data addressed to its MAC address. + +MAC addresses are limited to local networks. Remote networks cannot send data to +a specific MAC address. This is off-limits from the outside. + +## Frames + +Link Layer data is divided into small units called "frames". The anatomy of a +frame is as follows: + +``` +-------------------------- +| header | data | footer | +-------------------------- +``` + +The header contains the source and destination MAC address plus a descriptor of +the type of data it contains. The data is the payload. The footer is used to +detect errors. diff --git a/zk/MAC_addresses.md b/zk/MAC_addresses.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4fd85ad --- /dev/null +++ b/zk/MAC_addresses.md @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +--- +title: MAC_addresses +tags: [networks] +created: Tuesday, August 06, 2024 +--- + +# MAC addresses + +A Media Access Control (MAC) address is a physical address in contrast to, say, +an IP address which is logical. + +Each device on a [local network](./Link_Layer_of_Internet_Protocol.md) has a MAC +as a unique identifier. It is hardware-based and the addresses are typically +burned into the network card by the manufacturer, making them a physical +attribute of the device. + +MAC addresses consist of 6 bytes (48-bits) represented as 12 +[hexadecimal_digits](Hexadecimal_number_system.md) diff --git a/zk/Network_hosts.md b/zk/Network_hosts.md index 2584333..f105fb0 100644 --- a/zk/Network_hosts.md +++ b/zk/Network_hosts.md @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ created: Saturday, August 03, 2024 # Network_hosts A network **host** or **node** is a single computing device attached to a -![network](Network_fundamentals.md). +![network](Network_fundamentals.md) Hosts can act as servers or clients, or both.