118 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
118 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
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---
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tags: [python, data-types]
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---
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# Strings in Python
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> Generally, anything that changes a string will be a method on the `str` class,
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> rather than a built-in function like `len()`, as such it will use dot notation
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- Strings are **immutable**: string operations produce a new string.
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```python
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# Working with Strings
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my_variable = 'Bob'
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print(my_variable)
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# Bob
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my_variable = "Eloise"
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print(my_variable)
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# Eloise
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# A multi line string
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my_variable = """
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Hello
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World
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"""
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print(my_variable)
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"""
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Hello
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World
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"""
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my_string = 'Hello World'
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print(len(my_string))
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# 11
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string_1 = 'Good'
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string_2 = " day"
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string_3 = string_1 + string_2
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print(string_3)
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# Good day
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msg = 'Hello Lloyd you are ' + str(21)
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print(msg)
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# Hello Lloyd you are 21
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# Range of String operations
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msg = 'Hello World'
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print(msg.replace("Hello", "Goodbye"))
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# Goodbye World
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print('Edward Alan Rawlings'.find('Alan'))
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# 7
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print('Edward John Rawlings'.find('Alan'))
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# -1
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print('James' == 'James') # prints True
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print('James' != 'John') # prints True
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print("msg.startswith('H')", msg.startswith('H'))
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# msg.startswith('H') True
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print("msg.endswith('d')", msg.endswith('d'))
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# msg.endswith('d') TRUE
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print('some_string.upper()', msg.upper())
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# some_string.upper() HELLO WORLD
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print('sub string: ', 'Hello-World'[1:5])
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# sub string: ello
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# String interpolation
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user_age = input("Please enter your age: ")
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print(f'You are {user_age}')
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```
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## `str.split()`
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The `split()` function in Python is used to divide a string into multiple parts
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at the occurrence of a given separator. This function returns a
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[list](Lists_in_Python.md) of substrings.
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### General syntax
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```py
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str.split(separator, maxsplit)
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```
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- The `separator` is optional. It specifies the separator to use when splitting
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the string. If no separator is provided, it will default to using whitespace.
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- `maxsplit` is also optional and specifies how many splits to do. Default value
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is -1, which is "all occurrences".
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### Examples
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```py
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text = "Hello world, how are you?"
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# Default usage:
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x = text.split()
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print(x)
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# ['Hello', 'world', 'how', 'are', 'you?']
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# Using a specific separator
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x = text.split(",")
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print(x)
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# ['Hello', 'world how are you?']
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# Specifiying a maxplit value
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x = text.split(" ", 1)
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print(x)
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# ['Hello']
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```
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